Optimum lighting conditions for visual comfort and performance

Optimum lighting conditions for visual comfort and performance

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When considering lighting conditions for visual comfort and performance, it is recommended to consider factors that affect the ability to distinguish details and that fall into two categories: observer characteristics and characteristics of the task.

The characteristics of the observer. They understand:


  • ·         The sensitivity of the individual's visual system to size, contrast, exposure time;
  • ·         Transient adaptation characteristics;
  • ·         Predisposition to glare;
  • ·         Age;
  • ·         Psychological and motivational characteristics.


Characteristics of the task. They understand:

  • ·         Configuration of details;
  • ·         The contrast detail/background;
  • ·         The luminance of the background;
  • ·         The specular reflection of the details;



Glare.


 The glare phenomenon occurs when there is excessive luminance in the field of view. The effects of glare on vision can be divided into two groups called glare of disability and dazzle of discomfort.
Consider the example of glare from the headlights of a vehicle in the dark. The eye cannot simultaneously adapt to the headlights of the vehicle and the much less bright light of the road. This is an example of disability glare because high luminance light sources cause a disruptive effect due to the scattering of light in the optical medium. The glare of disability is proportional to the intensity of the light source that is involved.

The discomfort glare, which is more likely to occur indoors, may be reduced, or even eliminated, by decreasing the contrast between the task and its environment. Light-diffusing matte-looking work surfaces will be preferred over mirror-reflective glossy surfaces, and all light sources that can cause glare out of the normal field of view should be placed. In general, it is possible to obtain a good visual performance if the task itself is clearer than its immediate environment, but not too much.

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